The Layered Approach:-
- A reference model is a conceptual blue print of how communication should take place.
- It Address all the processes required for effective communication and devices these processes into logical groupings called layers.
- When a communication system is designed in this manner, It’s known as layered architecture.
-: The OSI Model:-
- The OSI isn’t a physical model. Rather it’s a set of guide line that application developers can use to create and implement applications that run on a network.
- It also provides a framework for creating and implementing networking standards, devices and internetworking schemes.
-: The Upper Layer :-
7. Application - Provides user interface.
6. Presentation - (i) Present Data.
- (ii) Handles Processing such as encryption.
5. Session - Keeps different Application’s data.
-: The Lawyer Layer :-
4. Transport - (i) Provides reliable or unreliable delivery.
- (ii) Performs error correction before retransmit.
3. Network - Provides logical addressing which routers use for path Determination.
2. Data Link - (i) Combines packets into bytes, and bytes into frames,
- (ii) Provides access to media using MAC address
- (iii) Performs error detection not correction.
1. Physical - (i) Moves bits between devices
- (ii) Specifies voltage, Write speed and pin out of cable.
7. Application - File Print, Message, Data Base and Application services.
6. Presentation - Data encryption, Compression and Translation service.
5. Session - Dialog Control.
4. Transport - End to End Connection
3. Network - Routing
2. Data Link - Framing
1. Physical - Physical Topology
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